Quality Assurance, Product Development, and Purchasing Strategies in China. Specifically, if buyers don't demand that a product be . This free eBook shows importers who are new to outsourcing production to China or Vietnam the five key foundations of a proven Quality Assurance strategy, and also shows you some common traps that importers fall intoandhow to avoid or overcome them in order to get the best possible production results. To this end,
[1] Gartner Group, a Stamford, CT based consulting company, [2] ISO/IEC Guide 2:1996, Standardization and Related Activities General Vocabulary, Webmaster | Contact Us | Our Other Offices, Created September 8, 2010, Updated August 25, 2016, Manufacturing Extension Partnership (MEP). for different products. 1.3 Upon request by the Owner, the Manufacturer at its expense shall provide, a Does it come from a particularly influential stake-holder? Purchasing will assist and advise you in
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capabilities that are pertinent to the intended use of the
4. Falsification testing can only demonstrate non-conformance. The general definition for conformance has changed over time and been refined for specific standards. Conformance to specification means to meet the regulatory requirements; Customer needs means to meet the customer reasonable specific requirements. Procurement has final responsibility for the competitiveness and
situations when the use of this specification is our only
What are the purpose of specification in procurement? 9 0 obj
A locked padlock It is generally inspected during customs clearance if the product being imported requires it. The responsible party has the option to use the certification procedure in place of the SDoC procedure. a specification should be written to encourage, not discourage,
According to the FCC (47 CFR Section 2.906): Equipment that consists of only a radio transmitter (not a transceiver) such as remote control transmitters; land mobile radio transmitters and wireless medical telemetry transmitters are required to be approved using the certification procedure. All Goods provided by Contractor to Company shall conform to Company's applicable specifications, drawings, samples or other descriptions. Three of the test suites that are being developed are: XML Test Suite - The XML test suite for XML processors contains over 2000 test files and an associated test report. Extensions shall not re-define semantics for existing functions, Extensions shall not cause standard-conforming functions (i.e., functions that do not use the extensions) to execute incorrectly, The mechanism for determining application conformance and the extensions shall be clearly described in the documentation, and the extensions shall be marked as such. criteria for the purpose of qualifying the bid document. Conformance testing provides software developers and users assurance and confidence that the conforming product behaves as expected, performs functions in a known manner, or possesses a prescribed interface or format. Conformance clause and specification wording. The test documentation describes how the testing is to be done and the directions for the tester to follow. For example, statements indicating that an implementation "shall," "should," or "may" implement a certain feature. The rationale for this is to be able to acknowledge all the implementations tested, but "reward" those implementations that "get it 100% correct". 2) The car shall have a really kickin stereo system. Therefore, a CoC (whereby the blade manufacturer writes that the blades conform to specific checklists) must be provided. The initial version of the test suite will not include the formatting objects part of XSL; however research is underway to determine how NIST can make a contribution to this part of the specification. Define conformance specification. What is the definition of quality of conformance? required, testing methods, and characteristics that the
Without a CoC, products may be impounded, confiscated, and in some case destroyed. What we wrote above is based only on our understanding of the regulatory requirements. tests or other criteria for comparing, examining and approving
Hit the button below: Filed Under: Certifications Tagged With: certificate of conformity, coc, critical products, customs, high risk products, product conformity, standards. This makes the purchasing process inefficient. activity involved in developing specifications for items
There are additional advantages when a technical specifications document is drawn up and it forms an integral part of the procurement process and order placement. approval for the product offered before bid opening. A specification is often a type of technical standard. While actual testing (1st or 3rd party testing) and certification (branding) can be carried out by various organizations, it is essential that there be a centralized sponsor or owner of the conformance testing program. (If the specifications don't describe the different approaches in the first place, then it's an implementer detail irrelevant to conformance.). Performance requirements describe the characteristics and
Levels are nested subsets of the specifications. Any mention of commercial products or reference to commercial organizations is for information only; it does not imply recommendation or endorsement by NIST nor does it imply that the products mentioned are necessarily the best available for the purpose. https://www.nist.gov/itl/ssd/information-systems-group/what-thing-called-conformance. Its use will not be permitted unless only one
It is generally inspected during customs clearance if the product being imported requires it. Here is one example. 0000004193 00000 n
tested and are considered equal, state testing methods
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The other approach adopts the weaker overall requirement that, while extensions are allowed, an implementation must perform all the functionality in the specifications exactly as specified. In this example, while the mattresses were not required to be tested by a third party laboratory, the mattress manufacturer voluntarily chose to do so and must provide the information about that laboratory. It is best practice to ensure that suppliers are contractually required to provide line item spend details. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. Some importers choose to purchase components for their new products that are already certified to avoid needing to go through the testing and certification process. Generically, a conformance test suite is a collection of combinations of legal and illegal inputs to the implementation being tested, together with a corresponding collection of "expected results." The CoC can either be requested by a buyer to ensure the product being manufactured has been tested and passes the set criteria within a specification and meets both technical and safety requirements,or it would be a mandatory requirement as stated by country regulations and law for certain products, such as Bluetooth devices being sold in the USA. requires something unique, to be custom made or custom built, as
Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. 2. XML Test Suite is available from the NIST web site, http://xw2k.nist.gov/xml/index.html. A specification becomes an essential contract management document which is used to ensure that the chosen supplier provides what is specified. In 1991, ISO/IEC DIS 10641 defined conformance testing as "test to evaluate the adherence or non-adherence of a candidate implementation to a standard." What are the characteristics of a good specification in procurement? predicated on a written specification which includes certain
Thanks! It is well recognized that conformance testing is a way to ensure that "standard-based" products are implemented. Is it a marketing or business requirement? We want to make it easy to do business with us while also helping you navigate the regulations involved in the aerospace and defense technology sector. what cost. 0000004431 00000 n
have been trained. Speaking generally, one is the specification that
On the one hand, a conformance certificate (or a claim of conformance) might only state that an implementation had been tested to completion, and provide a list of the errors that were found. trailer
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Define performance specification. Greater share of specification risk is borne by the supplier. product has to be specially made to meet the purchaser's unique
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The overall purpose of a
How To Manufacture A Product In China (without losing your shirt)? A certificate issuing organization is responsible for issuing certificates for products determined to be conformant. suitability of specifications, Procurement cannot initiate or
It increases a buyer's confidence in a product and its ability to meet their needs. 0000009297 00000 n
prepare all specifications. The following are illustrative examples. What makes a good specification in procurement? (3) list reproducible test methods to be used in testing for
With any standard or specification, eventually the discussion turns to "how will we know if an implementation or application conforms to our standard or specification?" The conformance clause is a part or collection of parts of a specification that defines the requirements, criteria, or conditions that shall be satisfied by an implementation in order to claim conformance. R3XF5h{o9gkz1p!i[$KQt?I$o:hdSisA4e3Dm9,Hhj4@`h$&!!r" BH$@4$"Jz"H,*Mc18/,1
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Do you have any questions or experiences to share about certificates of conformity? legitimate but limited place in public purchasing. The advantages afforded by testing (and certification) are fairly obvious: quality products, interoperability, and competitive markets with more choices. qualified product list (QPL) is a specification based on
1.1 This specification covers the fabrication and supply of bare overhead transmission line conductors. The conformance clause identifies what must conform and how ANSI/BIFMA standards are go-to references when evaluating the safety and durability of furniture products during the specification and procurement process. I like the point about cost only .. a. The XSLT test suite will allow users to customize the test suite to filter out optional category tests. The procedures should also contain information on what must be done operationally when failures occur. If you cant describe what your organization need on piece of paper then imagine how suppliers can understand your needs, then quote/propose the right solution for it. 0000002465 00000 n
The validation process consists of the steps necessary to perform the conformance testing by using an official test suite in a prescribed manner. Certification is the acknowledgment that a validation has been completed and the criteria established by the certifying organization for issuing a certificate, has been met. There are many assumed requirements that are real requirements from the users perspective. A QPL is
This type of testing is called conformance testing. A conformance clause is a section of a specification that states all the requirements or criteria that must be satisfied to claim conformance to the specification. specification is less interested in how a product is made, and
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They often refer to particular documents, and/or particular information within them. Paper combination is: 3 layers carton (Layer1 is Kraft liner of 125GSM + Layer2 is Test/Recycled liner of 100GSM + Layer3 is Kraft liner of 125GSM) with mentioning Flute type and total GSM. 20899 USA, Email: lisa.carnahan [at] nist.gov Tel: (301) 975-3362 FAX: (301) 948-6213, Prepared by Robin Cover for the The SGML/XML Web Page archive.